What is cytokine storm?

A cytokine storm is a severe immune reaction in which the body releases an excessive amount of cytokines into the blood too quickly. Cytokines are small proteins that are vital for cell signaling, particularly in the immune system. They help regulate the immune response, promote inflammation, and assist in the communication between cells during immune activity.

In a cytokine storm, the immune system goes into overdrive, releasing an uncontrolled flood of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This exaggerated immune response can cause widespread inflammation, tissue damage, and lead to organ failure.

Key points regarding Cystokine Storm:

• Trigger: Often triggered by infections (e.g., viruses like influenza, COVID-19), autoimmune diseases, or certain treatments (e.g., immunotherapies).
• Symptoms: High fever, severe inflammation, difficulty breathing, rapid heartbeat, fatigue, and potentially multi-organ dysfunction.
• Complications: The excessive inflammation can cause damage to tissues and organs like the lungs (acute respiratory distress syndrome), heart, and kidneys.

Management typically involves immunosuppressive treatments, like corticosteroids, to calm the immune response, along with supportive care to manage symptoms and organ dysfunction.